emissivity table

*Excerpt from FLIR Systems' Manual. Please note that the actual results may vary depending on the surface condition of the material and the measurement conditions.
*The emissivity values in the table below were recorded using a long wavelength (LW: 8-14 μm) camera.
*Please refer here for emissivity of 0.65µm, 0.9µm (silicon element area), and 1.55µm (InGaAs element area).

material	Texture	Temperature (℃)	emissivity
3M Type 35	Electrical insulation tape (various colors)	< 80	≈0.96
Nextel Velvet 811～21 Black	Black high emissivity paint (non-reflective)	-60～150	>0.97
asbestos	board	20	0.96
Asphalt paving materials		4	0.967
asbestos	Powder		0.4～0.6
asbestos	fabric		0.78
enamel		20	0.9
enamel	Raqqa	20	0.85～0.95
granite	Rough surface	70	0.77～0.87
paper	4 colors	70	0.92～0.94
paper	white	20	0.7～0.9
paper	White, 3 gloss types	70	0.88～0.9
paper	green		0.85
paper	red		0.76
paper	Blue, dark		0.84
paper	yellow		0.72
paper	black		0.9
paper	Black, matte		0.94
paper	Black, matte	70	0.89
paper	Topcoat with black lacquer		0.93
Sandpaper	Coarse	80	0.85
Glass sheet (float glass)	Uncoated	20	0.97
Hard Rubber			0.89
Rubber	Hard	20	0.95
Rubber	Soft, grey, coarse	20	0.95
concrete		20	0.92
porcelain	Gloss	20	0.92
porcelain	White, glossy		0.7～0.75
Plaster	Coarse Coat	20	0.91
Lubricants	0.025mm thin film	20	0.27
Lubricants	0.05mm thin film	20	0.46
Lubricants	0.125mm thin film	20	0.72
Lubricants	Nickel-based thin film: Nickel-based only	20	0.05
Lubricants	Thick Coating	20	0.82
Stucco	Coarse, lime	10～90	0.91
sand			0.6
sand		20	0.9
Slug	Boiler	0～100	0.97～0.93
Slug	Boiler	200～500	0.89～0.78
Slug	Boiler	600～1200	0.76～0.7
Slug	Boiler	1400～1800	0.69～0.67
lime			0.3～0.4
plaster		20	0.8～0.9
Fiberboard	Chipboard	70	0.89
Fiberboard	Masonite	70	0.88
tar			0.79～0.84
tar	paper	20	0.91～0.93
soil	Drying	20	0.92
soil	Water seeping in	20	0.95
paint	Available in 8 colors and various qualities	70	0.92～0.94
varnish	On beech parquet floor	70	0.9～0.93
cloth	black	20	0.98
clay	Firing	70	0.91
leather	leather		0.75～0.8
skin	human	32	0.98
plastic	P-tile	70	0.93
plastic	PCB printed wiring board	70	0.91
plastic	Polyurethane Insulation Board	70	0.55
water	1 layer > 0.1mm thick	0～100	0.95～0.98
water	Ice, smooth	～10	0.96
water	Ice, smooth	0	0.97
water	Ice, heavy frost on the surface	0	0.98
water	Distilled water	20	0.96
water	snow		0.8
water	snow	-10	0.85
water	Frost Crystal	-10	0.98
wood	Pine wood, 4 samples	70	0.81～0.89
wood	White, damp	20	0.7～0.8
wood	Surface	20	0.8～0.9
wood	Beech wood surface	20	0.9
wood	Beech wood surface	70	0.88
Snow: refer Water
Raqqa	3 colors sprayed onto aluminum	70	0.92～0.94
Raqqa	Aluminum on a rough surface	20	0.4
Raqqa	white	40～100	0.8～0.95
Raqqa	white	100	0.92
Raqqa	Heat Resistant	100	0.92
Raqqa	Matte	40～100	0.96～0.98
Brick	Sillimanite	1500	0.29
Brick	Dynas silica sand refractory bricks	1000	0.66
Brick	Magnesite	1000～1300	0.38
Brick	Fireclay	20	0.85
Brick	Fireclay	1000	0.75
Brick	Fireclay	1200	0.59
Brick	Red, rough condition	20	0.88～0.93
carbon	soot	20	0.95
carbon	Charcoal powder		0.96
carbon	Graphite Powder		0.97
aluminum	Long-term exposure to the elements	20	0.9
aluminum	Untreated	100	0.09
aluminum	Vacuum deposition	20	0.04
aluminum	Polishing	50～100	0.04～0.06
aluminum	Aluminum foil	27	0.04
aluminum	Rough	27	0.18
aluminum	Casting, blasting	70	0.46
aluminum	Anodized, matte black	70	0.95
aluminum	Anodized Aluminum	100	0.55
Aluminum Bronze		20	0.6
Aluminum hydroxide	Powder		0.28
chromium	Polishing	50	0.1
chromium	Polishing	500～1000	0.28～0.38
tungsten		200	0.05
tungsten		600～1000	0.1～0.16
tungsten		1500～2200	0.24～0.31
tungsten	filament	3300	0.39
titanium	Oxidation at 540℃	200	0.4
titanium	Oxidation at 540℃	500	0.5
titanium	Oxidation at 540℃	1000	0.6
titanium	Polishing	200	0.15
titanium	Polishing	500	0.2
titanium	Polishing	1000	0.36
Nichrome	roll	700	0.25
Nichrome	Blasting	700	0.7
Nichrome	Metal wire, clean	50	0.65
Nichrome	Metal wire, clean	500～1000	0.71～0.79
Nichrome	Metal wire, oxidation	50～500	0.95～0.98
nickel	Oxidation at 600℃	200～600	0.37～0.48
nickel	Commercially pure, polished	100	0.045
nickel	Commercially pure, polished	200～400	0.07～0.09
nickel	Bright Matte	122	0.041
nickel	Polishing	122	0.045
nickel	Metal Wire	200～1000	0.1～0.2
nickel	Electroplating	20	0.11～0.4
nickel	Electroplating	22	0.045
nickel	electrolytic	22	0.04
nickel	electrolytic	38	0.06
nickel	electrolytic	260	0.07
nickel	electrolytic	538	0.1
magnesium		22	0.07
magnesium		260	0.13
magnesium		538	0.18
magnesium	Polishing	20	0.07
Magnesium Powder			0.86
molybdenum		600～1000	0.08～0.13
molybdenum		1500～2200	0.19～0.26
molybdenum	filament	700～2500	0.1～0.3
zinc	Sheet	50	0.2
zinc	Polishing	200～300	0.04～0.05
zinc	Oxidation at 400℃	400	0.11
zinc	Surface is oxidized	1000～1200	0.5～0.6
casting	ingot	1000	0.95
casting	Raw	900～1100	0.87～0.95
casting	Molten state	1300	0.28
casting	Polishing	40	0.21
casting	Polishing	200	0.21
casting	Oxidation	38	0.63
casting	Oxidation	100	0.64
casting	Oxidation	260	0.66
casting	Oxidation	538	0.76
stainless steel	Sheet, untreated, some scratches	70	0.28
stainless steel	Sheet, polishing	70	0.14
Stainless steel (18-8)	Oxidation at 800℃	60	0.85
Stainless steel (18-8)	Buffing	20	0.16
Stainless steel (18-8)		500	0.35
stainless steel	Winding	700	0.45
stainless steel	Blasting	700	0.7
Steel Plate	Rough, flat	50	0.95～0.98
Steel Plate	Winding sheet	50	0.56
Steel Plate	Strongly oxidized	50	0.88
Steel Plate	Strongly oxidized	500	0.98
Steel Plate	Polishing	100	0.07
Steel Plate	Polishing	400～1000	0.14～0.38
Steel Plate	Polished sheet	750～1050	0.52～0.56
Steel Plate	Red rust	20	0.61～0.85
Steel Plate	Oxidation	100	0.74
Steel Plate	Oxidation	125～525	0.78～0.82
Steel Plate	Oxidation	1227	0.89
Steel Plate	Cold rolling	70	0.09
Steel Plate	Electrolytic iron	22	0.05
Steel Plate	Electrolytic iron	100	0.05
Steel Plate	Electrolytic iron	260	0.07
Steel Plate	Hot rolling	20	0.77
Steel Plate	Hot rolling	130	0.6
Galvanized steel sheet	Sheet	92	0.07
Galvanized steel sheet	Sheet, glossy	30	0.23
Galvanized steel sheet	Sheet, Oxidation	20	0.28
Galvanized steel sheet	Strongly oxidized	70	0.85
tin	Gloss	20～50	0.04～0.006
Tin-plated steel sheet	Tinplate (sheet)	100	0.07
Tin-plated steel sheet	Tinplate (sheet)	24	0.064
lead	Oxidation at 200℃	200	0.63
lead	Glossy	250	0.08
lead	Oxidized, gray	20	0.28
lead		100	0.05
Red lead	Lead oxide (red pigment, rust inhibitor)	100	0.93
Red lead, powder	Lead oxide (red lead, red pigment, rust inhibitor)	100	0.93
Aluminum oxide	Activated Alumina, Powder		0.46
Aluminum oxide	Pure, Alumina Powder		0.16
Nickel Oxide		500～650	0.52～0.59
Nickel Oxide		1000～1250	0.75～0.86
platinum		17	0.016
platinum		22	0.03
platinum		100	0.05
platinum		260	0.06
platinum		538	0.1
platinum		1000～1500	0.14～0.18
platinum		1094	0.18
platinum	ribbon	900～1100	0.12～0.17
platinum	Pure, polished	200～600	0.05～0.1
platinum	Metal Wire	50～200	0.06～0.07
platinum	Metal Wire	500～1000	0.1～0.16
platinum	Metal Wire	1400	0.18
gold	Carefully polished	200～600	0.02～0.03
gold	Thoroughly polished	100	0.02
gold	Polishing	130	0.018
Silver	Polishing	100	0.03
Silver	Pure, polished	200～600	0.02～0.03
copper	Commercial, Glossy	20	0.07
copper	Strongly oxidized	20	0.78
copper	Oxidized to dark black		0.88
copper	Dissolution	1100～1300	0.13～0.15
copper	Polishing	50～100	0.02
copper	Polishing, Commercial	27	0.03
copper	Oxidation	50	0.6～0.7
copper	Electrolytic, meticulously polished	80	0.018
Copper oxide	Red, powder		0.7
Copper dioxide	Powder		0.84
bronze	Porous, rough condition	50～150	0.55
bronze	Polishing	50	0.1
bronze	Powder		0.76～0.8
brass	Oxidation at 600℃	200～600	0.59～0.61
brass	Rub with a #80 file	20	0.2
brass	Dull, corroded	20～350	0.22
brass	Polishing	200	0.03
brass	Oxidation Treatment	70	0.03～0.07
brass	Oxidation Treatment	100	0.61

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